{"id":17379,"date":"2023-10-20T11:18:12","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T03:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/survey.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=17379"},"modified":"2024-01-09T15:15:39","modified_gmt":"2024-01-09T07:15:39","slug":"%e6%a9%9f%e7%8e%87%e3%80%81%e9%9d%9e%e6%a9%9f%e7%8e%87%ef%bc%8c%e6%9c%89%e5%b7%ae%e5%97%8e%ef%bc%9f%ef%bc%81-%e8%b5%b0%e9%80%b2%e6%9c%ac%e4%b8%ad%e5%bf%83%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e8%aa%bf%e6%9f%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/survey.sinica.edu.tw\/?p=17379&lang=zh","title":{"rendered":"\u6a5f\u7387\u3001\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u6709\u5dee\u55ce\uff1f\uff01 \u2014\u8d70\u9032\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u4e16\u754c"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u2003\u2003\u5728\u7701\u9322\u53c8\u7701\u6642\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\uff08\u7dda\u4e0a\u8abf\u67e5\uff09<\/span>\u7576\u9053\u7684\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u4fd7\u5730\u4e5f\u62ff\u4e86\u5f35\u5165\u9580\u7968\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u6a23\u672c<\/strong>\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u54e1\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff08online probability-based panel\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u65b0\u7d00\u5143\uff01\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8abf\u67e5\u55ae\u4f4d\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6703\u54e1\uff0c\u6545\u64c1\u6709\u6703\u54e1\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5927\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\uff01\u53cd\u5012\u662f\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u8abf\u67e5\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u4f86\u6e90\u70ba\u4f55\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u3001\u7279\u8272\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u4e14\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5a13\u5a13\u9053\u4f86\u2026..<\/p>

\u2003\u2003\u6b61\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u9032\u6211\u5011\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff01<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

\u00a0<\/h3>

\u6a5f\u7387\u6a23\u672c vs. \u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u6a23\u672c<\/strong><\/h3>

\u2003\u2003\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u50b3\u7d71\u8abf\u67e5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u9762\u8a2a\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u96fb\u8a71\u8abf\u67e5\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u7576\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u4ee5\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\uff08panel\uff09<\/span>\u505a\u70ba\u8abf\u67e5\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u8abf\u67e5\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u76f8\u5c0d\u63d0\u5347\u8abf\u67e5\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u800c\u82e5\u6b64\u56fa\u5b9a\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u5177\u6709\u6a5f\u7387\u62bd\u6a23\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff08probability-based panel\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6703\u54e1\u662f\u5f9e\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6bcd\u9ad4\u6e05\u55ae\uff08population frame\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u81fa\u7063\u4e00\u822c\u4f4f\u5bb6\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5e02\u8a71\u865f\u78bc\u6216\u624b\u6a5f\u865f\u78bc\u7b49\uff0c\u7d93\u7531\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u62bd\u9078\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8b93\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u70ba\u96f6\uff08non-zero\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u4e2d\u9078\u6a5f\u6703\u800c\u88ab\u9080\u8acb\u5165\u6703\uff0c\u5247\u5f97\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u62bd\u6a23\u6642\u7684\u4e2d\u9078\u7387<\/strong>\u3001\u9080\u8acb\u6642\u7684\u53ec\u52df\u7387<\/strong>\u53ca\u6b63\u5f0f\u5165\u6703\u7684\u6bd4\u7387<\/strong>\u7b49\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u64da\u4ee5\u5f62\u5851\u672a\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3001\u4f30\u7b97\u6db5\u84cb\u8aa4\u5dee\u8207\u7121\u53cd\u61c9\u8aa4\u5dee\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u904b\u7528\u9069\u7576\u7684\u52a0\u6b0a\u6b0a\u6578\u6216\u8f14\u52a9\u8b8a\u9805\u4f86\u6821\u6b63\u8abf\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u4f30\u8a08\u4e0a\u7684\u504f\u8aa4\uff08bias\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u8cc7\u6599\u63a8\u4f30\u7684\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u82e5\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u662f\u5f9e\u591a\u500b\u6a5f\u7387\u8abf\u67e5\u7d2f\u7a4d\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8a08\u7b97\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\uff08cumulative response rate\uff09<\/span>\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u7387\uff08cooperation rate\uff09<\/span>\u7b49\u4f86\u76e3\u6e2c\u53ca\u8a55\u4f30\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u56de\u61c9\u52d5\u614b\u3002<\/p>

\u2003\u2003\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\uff0c\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\u4fc2\u6307\u5728\u8abf\u67e5\u6bcd\u9ad4\u88e1\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u70ba\u96f6\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u88ab\u9080\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f9e\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u62bd\u6a23\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u53ec\u52df\u800c\u4f86\u7684\u3001\u6703\u54e1\u81ea\u5df1\u5f9e\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u7fa4\u5e73\u53f0\u6216\u53d7\u5ee3\u544a\u5438\u5f15\u7b49\u81ea\u9858\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u6a5f\u7387\u8207\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u524d\u8005\u64c1\u6709\u53ec\u52df\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u662f\u4f9d\u64da\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u62bd\u6a23\u67b6\u69cb\u6240\u62bd\u9078\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u8005\u7f3a\u5c11\u9078\u53d6\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u6bcd\u9ad4\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u6b64\u985e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u904b\u7528\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u6c11\u610f\u7814\u7a76\u5b78\u6703\uff08The American Association for Public Opinion Research, AAPOR\uff09<\/span>\u91dd\u5c0d\u7dda\u4e0a\u8abf\u67e5\u6a23\u672c\u8cc7\u6599\u54c1\u8cea\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u65bc2022\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u4ee5\u6bcd\u9ad4\u4eba\u53e3\u7d50\u69cb\u52a0\u6b0a\u5f8c\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u8207\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u53c3\u8207\u3001\u5229\u4ed6\u884c\u70ba\u3001\u793e\u5340\u4f9d\u9644\u3001\u8cfc\u7269\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u5747\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u5dee\u7570\uff08Fahimi et al., 2015\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u591a\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u5916\u90e8\u6a19\u687f\u8abf\u67e5\uff08external benchmark\uff09<\/span>\u4f86\u505a\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u53c3\u7167\uff0c\u975e\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u504f\u96e2\u5916\u90e8\u6a19\u687f\u8abf\u67e5\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u4f86\u5f97\u5927\u3002\u300d\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u904b\u7528\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\u4f86\u8490\u96c6\u554f\u5377\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5c31\u4fdd\u8b49\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u5c0d\u6bcd\u9ad4\u7684\u4e0d\u504f\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u9084\u727d\u6d89\u5230\u53ec\u52df\u9032\u4f86\u7684\u6703\u54e1\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u7dad\u904b\u6703\u54e1\u3001\u554f\u5377\u586b\u7b54\u7387\u9ad8\u4f4e\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>

\u00a0<\/h3>

\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c<\/strong><\/h3>

\u2003\u2003\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u6703\u54e1\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff0c\u662f\u65bc\u6240\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u5168\u570b\u4ee3\u8868\u6027<\/strong>\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u62bd\u6a23\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9762\u8a2a\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u96fb\u8a71\u8abf\u67e5\u53ca\u624b\u6a5f\u7c21\u8a0a\u7dda\u4e0a\u8abf\u67e5\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5fb5\u8a62\u5b8c\u6210\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u662f\u5426\u9858\u610f\u6210\u70ba\u6703\u54e1\u4f86\u53c3\u8207\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u662f\u4ee518\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u773e\u70ba\u8abf\u67e5\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5c11\u6578\u5247\u70ba20\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u773e\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6703\u54e1\u4f86\u6e90\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u6703\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u50b3\u64ad\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u516c\u885b\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u9ecf\u8457\u529b\u76f8\u7576\u9ad8\uff0c\u55ae\u4e00\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u586b\u7b54\u7387\u7d04\u843d\u572845\uff05\uff5e55\uff05\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/p>

\u2003\u2003\u6b63\u7531\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u8a08\u756b\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u5168\u570b\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u62bd\u6a23\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u6545\u6bcf\u4f4d\u6703\u54e1\u5728\u4f86\u6e90\u8a08\u756b\u88e1\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5df2\u77e5\u4e14\u4e0d\u70ba\u96f6\u7684\u4e2d\u9078\u6a5f\u7387\u3002\u51e1\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u6703\u54e1\u6a23\u672c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u505a\u70ba\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8cc7\u6599\u52a0\u6b0a\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6709\u4e09\u7a2e\uff1a<\/p>

  1. \u4f86\u6e90\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u52a0\u6b0a\u6b0a\u6578\uff08final weights\uff09<\/span>\uff1a\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u70ba\u4e86\u53cd\u61c9\u62bd\u6a23\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e2d\u9078\u6a5f\u7387\u554f\u984c\u53ca\u70ba\u4f7f\u6a23\u672c\u80fd\u7cbe\u78ba\u53cd\u61c9\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u6bcd\u9ad4\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u5747\u6703\u8a08\u7b97\u53d7\u8a2a\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u6700\u7d42\u52a0\u6b0a\u6b0a\u6578\u3002\u8a72\u6b0a\u6578\u7d50\u5408\u4e86\u62bd\u6a23\u8a2d\u8a08\u6b0a\u6578\uff08design weights\uff09<\/span>\u8207\u6bcd\u9ad4\u6821\u6b63\u6b0a\u6578\uff08calibration weights\uff09<\/span>\u3002<\/li>
  2. \u53ec\u52df\u7387\uff1a\u5404\u8abf\u67e5\u9032\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5fb5\u52df\u7684\u53ec\u52df\u7387\u3002<\/li>
  3. \u5165\u6703\u7387\uff1a\u5404\u8abf\u67e5\u540c\u610f\u53c3\u8207\u6703\u54e1\u8005\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u5165\u6703\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u3002<\/li><\/ol>

    \u2003\u2003\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5b8c\u6210\u8abf\u67e5\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9d\u64da\u59d4\u8a17\u8005\u9700\u6c42\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u55ae\u4e00\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\u3001\u62d2\u7b54\u7387\u3001\u7d2f\u8a08\u5b8c\u6210\u7387\u7b49\u5404\u985e\u578b\u7d50\u679c\u7387\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u8a55\u4f30\u54c1\u8cea\u4e4b\u53c3\u8003\u4f9d\u64da\u3002<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/h3>

    \u6703\u54e1\u5fb5\u52df\u3001\u5be9\u67e5\u8207\u5206\u985e<\/strong><\/h3>

    \u6703\u54e1\u5fb5\u52df<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

    \u2003\u2003\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u53ec\u52df\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e8c\u7a2e\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u70ba\u586b\u5b8c\u554f\u5377\u5f8c\u76f4\u63a5\u8a62\u554f\u662f\u5426\u9858\u610f\u7e7c\u7e8c\u63a5\u53d7\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5247\u70ba\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u5fb5\u52df\u6cd5\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4f5c\u696d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>

    \u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5_\u521d\u59cb\u5fb5\u52df<\/strong>
    \u2003\u2003\u65bc\u5404\u8abf\u67e5\u5b8c\u6210\u7576\u6b21\u7684\u554f\u5377\u586b\u7b54\u5f8c\uff0c\u5728\u554f\u5377\u984c\u76ee\u5f8c\u9762\u5148\u521d\u6b65\u5fb5\u8a62\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u52a0\u5165\u6703\u54e1\u53ca\u63d0\u4f9b\u806f\u7d61\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u4fe1\u7bb1\u6216\u624b\u6a5f\u865f\u78bc\u3002<\/p>

    \u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5_\u5165\u6703\u8abf\u67e5<\/strong>
    \u2003\u2003\u5229\u7528\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u806f\u7d61\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u6216\u624b\u6a5f\u7c21\u8a0a\u5bc4\u767c\u9080\u8acb\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5fb5\u8a62\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u5165\u6703\u3002\u540c\u610f\u8005\u9700\u586b\u5beb\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u53e3\u8b8a\u9805\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6027\u5225\u3001\u51fa\u751f\u5e74\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u7b49\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4ea6\u6703\u544a\u77e5\u76f8\u95dc\u6b0a\u76ca\u53ca\u5f80\u5f8c\u5c07\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u6536\u5230\u5404\u985e\u8abf\u67e5\u4e4b\u9080\u8acb\u586b\u7b54\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/p>

    \u2003\u2003\u7576\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u540c\u610f\u5165\u6703\u4e26\u586b\u7b54\u500b\u4eba\u57fa\u672c\u8cc7\u6599\u5f8c\uff0c\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6703\u5c07\u6b64\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u8a72\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u5728\u4f86\u6e90\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u586b\u7b54\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u5c0d\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u5165\u6703\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u540c\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u6a5f\u7387\u6a23\u672c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>

    \u6703\u54e1\u5be9\u67e5\u8207\u5206\u985e<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

    \u2003\u2003\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u65bc\u6bcf\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u5b9a\u671f\u9032\u884c\u6a5f\u7387\u6703\u54e1\u8eab\u4efd\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u6a5f\u7387\u6a23\u672c\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u9451\u65bc\u570b\u5167\u5916\u5b78\u8853\u754c\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c0d\u65bc\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u7684\u554f\u5377\u586b\u7b54\u54c1\u8cea\u6709\u6240\u64d4\u6182\u8207\u7591\u616e\uff0c\u70ba\u63d0\u5347\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57f7\u884c\u7db2\u8def\u6703\u54e1\u7684\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u5e74\u5747\u6703\u5229\u7528\u6703\u54e1\u65bc\u6b77\u6b21\u554f\u5377\u7684\u586b\u7b54\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong>\u8207\u586b\u7b54\u6b63\u78ba<\/strong>\u7b49\u8cc7\u8a0a\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u6703\u54e1\u5206\u985e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7be9\u9078\u51fa\u586b\u7b54\u901f\u5ea6\u904e\u5feb\u6216\u586b\u7b54\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u904e\u4f4e\u8005\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u59d4\u8a17\u8005\u9078\u64c7\u7b26\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u8abf\u67e5\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/h3>

    \u55ae\u4e00\u8a08\u756b\u554f\u5377\u586b\u7b54\u54c1\u8cea\u7be9\u9078<\/strong><\/h3>

    \u2003\u2003\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u8def\u554f\u5377\u8abf\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\u4f30\u8a08\u4e4b\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\uff0c\u51e1\u59d4\u8a17\u672c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fa6\u7406\u4e4b\u7db2\u8def\u8abf\u67e5\u5c07\u4f9d\u64da\u8a08\u756b\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u554f\u5377\u54c1\u8cea\u67e5\u6838\u4f5c\u696d\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u586b\u7b54\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong>\u3001\u586b\u7b54\u6b63\u78ba<\/strong>\u53ca\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6aa2\u6e2c\u984c<\/strong>\u7b49\u9805\u76ee\u3002<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/h4>

    \u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/strong><\/h4>

    Fahimi, M., Barlas, F. M., Thomas, R. K., & Buttermore, N. 2015. Scientific Surveys Based on Incomplete Sampling Frames and High Rates of Nonresponse. Survey Practice<\/em>, 8(6): 1-11.<\/span><\/p>

    The American Association for Public Opinion Research. 2022. Data Quality Metrics for Online Samples: Considerations for Study Design & Analysis<\/em>. AAPOR.<\/span><\/p>

    \u00a0<\/p>

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